00:02.73 David Howe Going about title 12 brother and I'm getting there. 00:07.57 connor Welcome back to up say one forty you love friend ruins podcast we're talking about this segment. We're gonna talk about Daddy Daddy Bo as the father of american anthropology. 00:08.72 archpodnet Um I don't know you. 00:20.81 David Howe Papa France 00:24.91 connor Or do you go archeology. 00:26.45 archpodnet Ah, he is the he is the the parent of the parent of American Anthropology content note ah the parent. Yes content note can't say trigger warning. Ah. 00:26.62 David Howe Let's say anthropology. 00:28.52 connor Sorry. 00:37.50 David Howe Ah, the parent. 00:43.52 archpodnet There is no content note I just wanted to say that this is a fucking ridiculous list. Please edit curse rate I would have closed this cur Rachel edit that out. Um. 00:48.78 David Howe Oh by the way Chris and Rachel there's I don't know if you're aware of it. But there's a list of what is it the Stanford. 00:53.29 archpodnet This Stanford list of fucked up phrases I don't know it's all it's it's a document. 01:00.95 David Howe Ah, either way look it up Rachel and Chris and maybe like we need to show the network this because these are words like apparently it's not cool to use anymore. But anyway that's fine right? We'll go ahead. 01:02.30 connor It's the Cancel phrases. 01:09.55 archpodnet Anyways, so the papa frons is what he's colloquially referred to in american anthropology largely seen as the founder of Anthrop of of american anthropology. 01:18.90 David Howe By the 3 of us. 01:24.28 connor Um, and. 01:26.39 archpodnet He's the one that creates this 4 fields approach in anthropology this is why archaeology in America is under anthropology and not history which fundamentally separates us from the limes. 01:40.42 David Howe Let's correct can say the apes. Um, do you know why? that is guys because I have the answer or a answer. 01:47.67 archpodnet Ah, will tell us Dave I'm actually curious I don't I don't know. 01:48.49 connor You actually want to hear your voice for once. 01:53.77 David Howe Boez Ho Boaz ah was one of those kind of like Einstein and Oppenheimer that came over later that was because of the war he was an immigrant from his family was like yeah, it's probably let's get out of Germany and they came over here. 01:56.40 archpodnet Ah. 02:04.70 archpodnet He immigrated from Germany gave it. You can't say immigrant that's on the list. It's on the fucking list. 02:08.49 David Howe Emigrated from Germany sorry um, oh it was it really? okay, emigrated from Germany right? So his family got here but he had a degree I believe a ph d in physics. Um. And because of that ph d in physics the rest of archaeology in this country had been done through antiquarianism and like excuse me had been done through antiquarianism and like um had been done through antiquarianism and the likes of. 02:41.84 David Howe It's so hard Rachel so sorry, all right 3 2 1 is it because I said like. 02:46.15 archpodnet Um. 02:56.92 David Howe And then said through the likes of ah yeah. 03:00.52 connor Um, is there and and and repeating it to. 03:03.10 archpodnet I. 03:04.87 David Howe But it's pretty funny. It's so hard. Okay, meet yourselves with yourselves. Um I can explain because Boaz was this I'm sorry they're laughing at me. 03:24.24 David Howe Ah God that I broke it gar. 03:35.16 David Howe Ah. 03:40.28 David Howe Ah I Promise we're not non Jugs like not I but sorry car had to leave the room tried hang on hang on was it that bad. 03:40.79 archpodnet The words who step to her. 03:53.94 connor So no, it's just funny. So why? why? why? what's important about Boaz Why is he unique into the anthropology field. 03:56.30 David Howe Okay. 04:06.73 David Howe Ah, Boaz much like ah ah great Boaz much like well hang on sorry he's go back I guess the answer that question would be like Boaz is of those like I can't not do it. 04:20.95 connor Okay, I'll do so Boas was a trained physician not a physician now least physics. 04:23.20 David Howe Okay. 04:27.36 David Howe But Boaz was one of those people that came over from Germany and like in like the late 18 hundreds early nineteen hundreds where you know you had einstein later in oppenheer because of the war. But before that it was kind of a good idea for people of Boaz's background to leave Germany. And he got over here and he had a degree in physics which I was I always find this fascinating. He had a degree in physics or I believe a ph d in it. He might have got the ph d once he got here but because of that he had a scientific mind and when he started doing anthropology and like he was curious about indigenous american things. He applied that scientific method to understanding cultures and it really separates Boaz and like american anthropology from the rest of the world's archeology kind of programs. It's not so antiquarian it's not just like collecting antiquities. It's he went to systematically study people. 05:21.94 connor Yeah, yeah, and he so he goes out and studies with the the Baffin Island inuit and I also worked with the cultures in the pacific northwest. 05:23.73 David Howe And I think that's like why it's such a fundamental change. You know. 05:39.90 connor What What do you? want me to call. 05:39.11 David Howe I Don't think you can say any it can you hey you can't say es well. Okay. 05:40.32 archpodnet Yes, yeah, you can see you can't say eskimo you can you can say inuit but he did get his doctor in 1881 in physics and he also studied geography. So that's that's the thing sorry just to clarify now he just studied it. He didn't get a degree in it just maybe it was a minor. 05:52.73 David Howe Geography too. Okay, cool. 05:58.75 connor Okay, just cut that shit out all right? So he studied with different indigenous groups and and went out and did research and the the really important thing his theory and his ideas that comes out of this is called. 05:59.18 archpodnet I Don't know. 06:00.92 David Howe Ah, Community college. 06:18.32 connor Historical particularism where which is almost in direct contact which is in direct opposition to cultural evolution and these kind of larger theories that Tyler and Morgan had proposed. 06:33.31 archpodnet I think was cultural relativism. 06:35.76 David Howe Carlton historical particularism is what Boaz was pretty much a proponent of but he he he pushed for culture relative as well and historical particularism is that each culture has its own intricacies and. 06:42.38 archpodnet Oh yeah, he did do yes. 06:42.96 connor They're both. 06:52.13 David Howe Ah, complexities to itself. It doesn't have to be related or evolved from another I think is as that's right, It's particular in its own sense. 06:58.56 connor And the only way to understand cultures is to study the history of that particular group. It's not a comparative thing and that that that cultural values in the cultural elephantism is cultural values are going to vary by specific groups. 07:09.50 David Howe Gotcha. 07:18.60 archpodnet Yes. 07:18.39 connor And cultures. So he's he's he's like he's just telling like Tyler and Morgan to like fuck off. 07:23.32 archpodnet Yeah, he's he's saying with cultural Relativism. He's like everyone's special. Everyone's unique stop comparing everyone like you just need to take the context of this culture and see it for what it is as it being awesome on its own like stop comparing it. He also is like really a big opponent of.. What was that thing where you measured Craniology Cranial morphology. Yeah, so not only so not only was he like tackling archeology with historical Particularism cultural anthropology with cultural relativism but like with physical Anthropology. He was like demonstrating like hey skull shape All is pretty malleable. 07:46.86 David Howe Oh um, phrenology. 07:47.29 connor Morph from logic. 08:01.25 archpodnet And is also dependent on diet and environment that this is not a way like cranial metrics or or morphology is garbage. So this german emigrates emigrates that France comes across the ocean. And lives in the Americas and he he wildly. He comes in with these backgrounds and and is able to upend these long-held notions and he creates this fourefields approach of anthropology and really utilizing archeology as a way to study. Ah, human culture in the past through its material remains rather than in a historical context. Um, and he has some pretty amazing students that will get on in a later episode. So like a l kroeber I'm actually one of my colleagues is kroeber's granddaughter. Yeah. 08:52.94 connor Wow. 08:55.14 David Howe Ah, Max Carber I think that was his son. 08:56.44 archpodnet Like we have a I forget their name I don't see them. They're not really in the office. Yeah they they so we have the one of their grandchildren anthropologists here at indian university Ruth Benedict se here. Yeah Margaret mead. Um. 09:05.87 David Howe Ah, Margaret Mead 09:08.80 connor Superior of the superior warfythesis which we'll get to? yeah. 09:11.81 David Howe Yeah, some people don't you might want to not say love it. 09:12.25 archpodnet God I Love the superior War hypothesis. But. 09:20.51 archpodnet Well, it was like 1 of those things I guess to contextualize like there are some theories and and materials that we learned in linguistic anthropology under pan Dr. Pamela andnis that were just really tracked and I really liked ah superior warf I know there's there's issues with it. But it was also pretty. It was used somewhat in arrival, right? yeah. 09:41.80 connor Well so and the cool thing is and and something we did as part of our intro to archeology I think is we traced our heritage and we've talked about this before our academic heritage. Yeah, our pedigree which all eventually leads to. 09:53.27 David Howe Oh Our pedigree. Yeah. All roads lead to boez. 10:00.30 archpodnet All roads lead to boas. 10:00.69 connor But as who's so he is and he I you can't he's not a perfect character. He's a product of the eighteenth and or the nineteenth and twentieth century. So there are some things that yeah, there's there's. 10:11.30 David Howe Hit a closet a shrunken heads. 10:17.53 connor We all got shrunken heads in our closets. It's just kind of yeah yeah, yeah I mean it's so so we we we want to give him the credit he is due but also be aware that everything he did was not perfect. 10:20.18 David Howe He literally did. 10:33.71 David Howe Right? It was eighteen seventy five you know what can you do. 10:37.30 archpodnet And for for the late nineteenth early twentieth centuries his ideas about human culture both past and present were radically different than everyone else and and without him you don't see the growth like between him. 10:48.54 David Howe M. 10:56.47 archpodnet And forty years Fifty years later do we have a radical shift and it shifts in the field without him you know prior prior to him for like 20300 years everyone's thinking relatively the same about europeans are on top. He comes in as a european from Germany where they produce white people and is like you know what guys this is not. Correct that we need to appreciate and study cultures for what they are It's cool to compare and contrast but not in order of a rank-based system and he passes that down to his students who take that and and continue to to grow that and really if we look at these. 11:23.60 connor Yeah. 11:25.72 David Howe Ah. 11:33.61 archpodnet These anthropological pedigrees like your family tree within 3 generations. The field is radically shifted from what he was thinking you know and and over the breadth of if you take a theory class in archeology things really ramp up post world war I um. 11:40.11 connor Absolutely. 11:51.22 David Howe Ah. 11:52.10 archpodnet Especially after the horrors of world war ii are seen across the globe. Um, and it's a pretty rapid shift like I think it's like damn near what every 2 decades there's a paradigm ship within archeology and now we're at a point where's like. 12:06.79 David Howe I would say it's every tweet. 12:11.53 archpodnet As we'll get onto this in a later episode really prior to the 1990 s archeological theory and anthropological theory is seen as like that's your glasses frame of reference for how you see the world like you apply everything you do through this theory. Whereas now I'd argue theory is a toolkit like in order to answer the question you want to you you apply the theory that's going to help best suit that like not everyone some people are still ar'ent marxists and that's all they do is like marxist archeology and that's how they see the glen the the world is through. Means of production the proletariat bourgeoisie most of us are not like that. 12:50.16 connor Which which applies to like large scale societies and stuff. That's a great way to understand large scale societies. You're talking about Hunter gatherers and marxism. 13:02.69 David Howe You got to separate the trallo from the means of production. 13:05.85 archpodnet Yeah, it depends on what you're doing and what your answers are if you're looking at energy production and consumption cool marxist approach. That's probably going to help you more so than Behavioral ecology. 13:06.85 connor Yeah, yeah, yeah. 13:16.67 David Howe And to Connor's point behavioral ecology when all you have is a few stone chips and some bone behavioral ecology is all you kind of can go by because you there's no marxism really in an egalitarian foraging band. Yeah, at least that you can suss out from brocks. 13:24.76 archpodnet Yes. 13:28.37 connor Yeah, so. 13:31.78 archpodnet How one of the more interesting things that I've read recently and this this is not a tangent. Um the dawn of everything has a really actually very interesting. Not critique but perspective as to hunting and gathering societies. 13:45.51 David Howe Is that dowood hari that author her now that's sapiens that's sapiens. 13:49.68 archpodnet I Think so yeah, it kind of talks about how the likelihood that there is a vast and complex difference between hunting and gathering populations but we just can't see it. We never will but just it like help me made me like rethink hunting and gathering populations. More so than just the behavioral college approach Katie prove it? no but it's just a fun.. There's just a fun Read. It was just. 14:09.20 David Howe How sir. 14:10.51 connor Was it that's graveber and graver and Wa Waro is that the one yeah ought to okay all to I'll to give it a look. 14:17.69 archpodnet So yeah, yeah, yeah, winroe it's it's cool. It does it the first 3 chapters really dive into like the noble savage and some of these concepts that we were talking about like the early ah case studies and events that led to. 14:27.32 David Howe And. 14:34.83 archpodnet Um, social scientists talking about really the the being exposed to indigenous societies without Kings and how they brought back to Europe was kind of this like catalyst for like the french revolution to others were like wait a minute. There's people that don't have Kings and queens and are doing just fine. 14:52.58 connor Yeah. 14:53.30 archpodnet Better than ours. We should be doing that you know like so there's this really cool dialogue that talks about how really being exposed to indigenous communities across the globe that did not have ranked societies challenged European worldviews of like wait. This is what we were taught. 15:04.74 David Howe Oh. 15:11.10 archpodnet Like we can do this Vivila revolution on so it's It's a really interesting aspect. We're reading it at for I Guess we have like an anthropology department reading club. So like the whole department were all reading it. Yeah I got roped into being one of the leaders of it. It's It's a fun time. It's been really cool to. 15:16.70 David Howe Yeah. 15:23.27 connor That's gonna cool. 15:30.93 archpodnet Talk about and they talk about the iceage. It's a fun time for those that are for those that don't want to read a trigger god forbid most archaeologists don't want to read trigger or Wiley and sablov. Um. 15:31.35 connor Yeah. 15:42.84 connor Or or or the the primary sources where you get into Bordeaux or you get into some so there that deep this book will probably be a good analog so you don't have to go through and suffer I'm sorry suffer through bordeaux. 15:42.91 David Howe Bruce sugar for the for the none. 15:48.18 archpodnet Oh god. 15:59.20 archpodnet Or to or foucault foucault the the god damn french Jesus like they don't work. 16:02.41 David Howe Francois baudil. 16:02.88 connor For yeah that it just doesn't translate the translations don't Yeah, they don't get and they they just aren't they aren't readable to me my brains doesn't I can't get it so there are there are really good. Um. 16:14.56 archpodnet Yeah. 16:17.75 David Howe R. 16:21.67 connor Textbooks out there. There's good books that we'll probably throw some in the description here and also links to what we've been looking at so that's kind of I think and another on a future episode. We'll get into the students of Boaz which are also very interesting and very fun. 16:40.50 David Howe We should. We should end real quick with the but before you dip into the ending like what are what are the 4 fields real quick so you can leave people with a product of what you talked about today. 16:40.33 archpodnet Nope. 16:41.27 connor And you can really kind of. 16:51.90 archpodnet Archeology Bio Anthropthropology Archeology what was physical anthropology now it's called Bio Biological Anthropology linguistic anthropology and cultural anthropology those are the. 4 fields 4 primary fields that make up anthropology each one has its own subcategories that go on forever and a lot of them overlap more so than you would think how do linguistic ant and archeology overlap they do go. That's that's the beauty of our 4 fields approach is that we're all. 17:11.81 connor Yeah. 17:22.50 archpodnet We all have degrees in anthropology we are anthropologists first excuse me I really have to say like the University Of Wyoming's 4 field approach is like 1 of the better 4 fields programs. Really you you leave with the masters from Wyoming. You're your fourfields anthropologist like. 17:40.64 connor Yeah I'm a hundred percent a proponent of that because they shouldn't be isolated and I think that's something you'll you'll see overlap in everything and it's to understand humans you have to understand all for those aspects. 17:44.67 David Howe A. 17:55.76 David Howe Yeah, which includes our evolution primatology and biological anthropology anatomy osteology then you get into the linguistics which is how you use language not just how they develop cultures can be anything archeology can be anything and then yeah you learn a lot It's like you plug into the matrix for like 2 years in grad school and you're like I can't look at anything the same again. 18:20.15 connor Yeah, and we've mentioned that on previous podcasts is that once you put this filter on your brain you you think of things through anthropological lenses from from here on out. It's never the same. 18:30.53 David Howe I can hear Tucker Carlson like shitting his pants right now thinking that's the liberal agenda at work. But. 18:30.80 archpodnet Ah, it. 18:34.75 archpodnet Jesus when I saw that Taco Bellmerge from a year ago when it was like there were like power rangers or something defending their mexican spices against monsters I just wanted to fucking cry at that aspect of it I know I bitched about this on an episode before but like yeah you get a degree in anthropology. 18:45.22 David Howe Um, whoa. 18:54.16 archpodnet You're gonna suddenly hate most media that's present because you're like well that's fucked up. Well, that's racist. Well no, you probably shouldn't say that exactly like it's it. It changes it for the better I would argue. Um. 18:58.33 David Howe Why is every woman in a cleaning commercial cleaning and sitting down on the floor. Yeah. 19:04.60 connor No I would I would a hundred percent agree I think it's you you you get some truth and as much truth as you can in this fucked up world. We live in. 19:19.98 archpodnet And and surprisingly some people can go through like grad school and anthropology and still like be close minded people I went to school with ah with a person that got their degree and buy it like in physical anthropology and. 19:24.52 David Howe A piece of shit. 19:35.61 archpodnet Dale did not believe in evolution crazy. 19:36.40 David Howe Wow. 19:37.97 connor And on that note, Thank you for listening to us please leave us comments send us emails. We Want to know how we are doing and we want to get Better. We want to for you guys not to suffer through this. So.. Thank you for listening to us and we appreciate all of you. 19:55.54 archpodnet And if you're still listening to the show in the all shows feed please switch over subscribe to our show individually. It helps us grow our platform. You guys have been doing better I'm going to tell you I can look at the numbers and you guys are switching to our show. It's fantastic. Keep doing that. Please it helps us. 20:18.22 connor Look and subscribe. 20:21.68 David Howe Oh yeah, please be sure to like and subscribe to the podcast on Instagram Facebook. It's just a lifeers podcast Twitter I think it's a lifeenerns pod and and if you don't oh text from Stefan Milo um 20:36.83 archpodnet How's Stepan doing. 20:38.75 David Howe Just had a second baby and he scheduled interviews for Portland um, anyway ses will be at Portland Oregon this year I will be going I don't know about you Carlton or Connor I think you're going yeah car carlton has to go so we will. Ah. 20:47.97 connor Yes. 20:47.98 archpodnet I Have to go. 20:54.30 David Howe We'll see you guys there. We can't really do a booth because that's like fucking too Grand to do. But if you guys want to fundraise us to do a booth but could do it live earns booth if you don't want to. We'll see at a bar and on that note yeah, please be sure to rate and review the podcast. The reviews only help us grow and if you want to give us a straight up. Roasting in our emails about what you think are not roasting but you know what you think we could do better or some things that you would like to see that's the word. 21:17.80 archpodnet Constructive criticism. Do do the compliment sandwich hey love your show David needs to stop saying like however I like these kind of episodes. You know. 21:22.60 David Howe But. 21:26.64 connor Yeah, and we just got a good really good email recently about that and we it helped us to make sure that we are being more inclusive with our audience. So thank you. 21:35.00 archpodnet Because we don't get paid if like we can fucking quit this whenever we want So like we want your criticism. Yeah like no this is this is a minus money so much minus money and time. So like if you're gonna give us criticism. We want it. 21:38.74 David Howe Yeah, but yeah for sure guys we do not make any money off this. 21:42.60 connor Yeah,, we're minus money. Yeah. 21:49.50 David Howe A lot. 21:54.18 archpodnet But like give us a reason to quit. Yeah, if if you just. 21:58.78 David Howe Yeah, would like roast us. Um I did get an email or a Facebook message from somebody about we needed to cover more cram and have more cra people on here because that is 90% of archeology and that is a very fair statement so we will do that. 22:10.23 archpodnet Yeah. 22:10.41 connor And with that note we are out. 22:14.98 archpodnet And as always if you were able to make it to this part. You know what time it is It is time for conors witty joke that was the wrong one. Oh yeah. 22:24.97 David Howe What serotonin do you have for us today. 22:25.15 connor Hit that hit that Macho man. Did you hear about the kidnapping at school. 22:36.62 archpodnet Oh Jesus how long is he asleep fork on her. Yeah, that's what I thought. 22:42.16 connor It's okay, he woke up fuck off, we're doing another one. 22:42.40 David Howe The. 22:48.91 connor Why do nurses like red crayons. 22:54.15 David Howe I don't know Connor oh who that's pretty good. All right I gotta go to bags I got PT in the morning that we were done. 22:55.87 archpodnet Ah, yeah I don't. 22:57.48 connor Um, because sometimes they have to draw blood. 23:00.63 archpodnet That was good I like that that was a singer. Who.